The jggimi OpenBSD-based LiveCD/LiveDVD

FAQ

Last update: 1 Nov 2011 – 5.0-release.

Why did you make these ISOs available to the public?
What is included?
What's the minimum amount of RAM needed?
These are not official. Can your downloaded files be trusted?
What does the environment look like once booted?
How do I boot the Uniprocessor kernel?
When I boot, I get these warning messages as the kernel completes configuration and starts up. What do they mean?
How do I save my environment for use on reboot?
This is -release. Why not -stable or -current? Why only i386 and amd64?
I want to test an application. Why isn't it already installed on the CD?
How would I install my own applications?
I need network connections that don't use DHCP. How do I configure them?
Do you have links to other OpenBSD-based LiveCDs?
I have a problem or an unanswered question. How do I contact you?
I want to make my own LiveCDs. How did you create these?

Why did you make these ISOs available to the public?

To aid with OS familiarization and to aid with hardware testing:

To allow curious people the opportunity to try OpenBSD without actually installing it.
To allow existing users the ability to easily test new hardware for compatibility, without making changes to hard drive data.
It might also serve as a “rescue disc” as it contains more functionality than the ramdisk kernel used for installation and upgrade. The ramdisk kernel is included on the disc for installation of the standard OS, not the LiveCD/LiveDVD image.

To be clear, these make testing of the OS easier. You cannot install these OS images onto hard drive, and they are not intended to advocate OpenBSD as the “OS for the masses.”

LiveCDs have been produced over time by members of the community for a number of different reasons. Those that were made available to the public – that I am aware of – have been mainly special-purpose rather than generic OpenBSD. Most have not been kept up-to-date.

The OpenBSD installation process is quick and easy. But, for the new user, the install can be intimidating. These LiveCDs/LiveDVDs may help a new user decide whether or not to make the minimal, but required, intellectual investment in OpenBSD partitioning schema.

What is included?

Except for the compiler file set (comp49.tgz), each LiveCD contains the complete 4.9-release for the i386 or amd64 architecture. This includes both uniprocessor and multiprocessor kernels, and the Xenocara version of X.Org.

The Basic LiveCD has no 3^rd party applications at all. X is available, with the included fvwm(1) and cwm(1) window managers, and the lynx(1) text browser.

The Firefox LiveCD adds the Firefox browser to the Basic image.

The Fluxbox LiveCD includes both the Fluxbox window manager and the Firefox browser.

The XFCE LiveDVD has the complete XFCE environment and the Firefox browser.

The KDE LiveDVD has the complete KDE environment, including Koffice and the Konqueror browser, but the i18n internationalizations are not included.

The Gnome LiveDVD has the complete Gnome environment, and the Firefox browser.

What's the minimum amount of RAM needed?

It varies. Please note that these systems do not use your hard drives, so there is no swap space configured. If you run out of memory, the OS will panic or freeze. Th following tables show the MBs consumed to get top(1) running on a test platform. Differences between console-mode RAM consumptions are mainly due to size differences consumed in /var and other RAM-based, MFS filesystems. Your video RAM and resolution will differ from my test platform, but this should give you an estimate of minimum memory requirements.

i386	Console	X
Basic	128	160
Firefox	128	192
FluxBox	128	192
XFCE	160	320
KDE	160	352
GNOME	288	704

Amd64	Console	X
Basic	128	192
Firefox	128	224
FluxBox	128	224
XFCE	160	288
KDE	160	384
GNOME	288	832

These are not official. Can your downloaded files be trusted?

Of course not. The Internet is a dangerous place. My recommendation:

Before booting a burned CD or DVD you've made from one of these downloads, scan it for viruses and other malware.
To prevent anything from ever touching your hard drives, you can disable them in your BIOS.
To prevent any damage to your local networks, disable or isolate your network connections.

As configured, these LiveCDs/LiveDVDs will not attempt to use any drive other than your booted CD or DVD drive.

The ISOs available for download here have multiple checksums available. Please use the checksums from my downloads page if you obtain these ISOs from elsewhere.

What does the environment look like once booted?

If at startup, you selected the graphical interface, the CD will offer you choices for xorg.conf use/creation, and if X is able to startyou will see an XDM login screen. If you select a console interface, you can switch to alternate consoles via the ALT-CTRL-F2, ALT-CTRL-F3, etc. key sequences, and start X without XDM if you desire, via startx(1) or a related command.

There are two userids: root and user. If you did not provide your own passwords when prompted during startup, their passwords will be “root” and “user”. These userids use the default ksh(1) shell.

The /etc/sudoers file is configured so that user may enter sudo(8) commands without any password prompt.

The sshd(8) daemon is running, and root login is permitted.

OpenBSD's famous packet filter, pf(4), is not enabled, and there is no default configuration, just the sample /etc/pf.conf.

All sysctl(8) settings are at their defaults. This means packet forwarding for IPv4 and IPv6 are disabled. Enable one or both if you wish to test OpenBSD's functionality as a router.

Your local time is set to GMT, and your system's hardware clock will be assumed to be on GMT also.

/tmp, /dev, /var, /root, /home, and /etc are all ramdisk – mfs(8) – filesystems.

Any hardware NICs found by ifconfig(8) will have been enabled and DHCP will have been run to acquire TCP/IP configuration information, if available.

Your keyboard will assumed to be US 101 key by default. If you want to change it for your locale, see OpenBSD FAQ 7.1.

These discs include the ramdisk kernel for installation of OpenBSD from other media or the network. To boot it, just type bsd.rd at the “boot>” prompt. Installation is described in FAQ 4.

How do I boot the Uniprocessor kernel?

The default multiprocessor capable kernel, GENERIC.MP, will run on single-core machines. If you wish to use the Uniprocessor kernel, GENERIC, for any reason, at the “boot>” prompt, type boot bsd.sp and press the return key.

When I boot, I get these warning messages as the kernel completes configuration and starts up. What do they mean?

WARNING: preposterous time in file system
WARNING: file system time much less than clock time

You may safely ignore them. These ISOs use a CD/DVD filesystem (CD9660) and the kernel thinks it is checking a Berkeley Fast File System (FFS) instead. Eliminating those warning messages would require altering OpenBSD kernel source, which I will not do. The LiveCD only modifies the kernel configuration to boot from CD.

Savecore: can't find device 6/1

You may safely ignore this. The savecore(8) program is run at startup, to save a copy of a kernel core dump from swap space should one exist. But, these LiveCDs/LiveDVDs do not have swap space defined.

How do I save my environment for use on reboot?

As noted above, /home, /etc, /var, and /root are in memory. Rebooting will lose any changes you've made. You can save your structures to USB stick or to compact flash, which look like hard drives to OpenBSD. You can save data to your actual hard drive (if you trust the .iso), or you can transfer your structures over a network connection. I recommend storing your changed filesystems using a *nix based archive tool rather than copying individual files. OpenBSD has tar, cpio, pax, and dump/restore included. Please pick one of these.

OpenBSD can write to emulated or real hard drives using Microsoft's FAT format filesystems, or using Linux EXT2 formatted filesystems. Microsoft Windows users should note that OpenBSD now includes read-only NTFS support as standard. See OpenBSD FAQ 14.16 for assistance with mounting these foreign disk filesystems., and FAQ 14.17 for using flash memory devices.

This is -release. Why not -stable or -current? Why only i386 and amd64?

Regarding -release:

This LiveCD is intended for users new to OpenBSD.
The -releases are very well tested, typically for at least two months, by developers and many users.
There are 12 different ISOs. I do not intend to spend the time to build these more than twice per year. I will be delighted to fix and rebuild new media images if configuration or operational bugs are found and reported to me.
This environment is intended for testing, not for production. -release+errata or -stable are intended for production environments.
Anyone interested in running -current should either not need one of my .iso images, or have the skills to make their own.

Regarding i386/amd64

No other architectures are available to me at the moment.

I want to test an application. Why isn't it already installed on the CD?

There are more than 7200 3^rd party applications ported to OpenBSD for 5.0-release, of which approximately 700 were built for the provisioning of each architecture's ISOs. These ISOs were neither designed to be application testbeds, nor were they designed to be production systems.

How would I install my own applications?

Install OpenBSD instead. It is much easier. But if you insist:

Replicate the existing /usr/local structure on a partition on a hard drive, usb stick, compact flash memory, or similar device.
Mount the new, writable /usr/local over the existing /usr/local mount point.
Add your desired applications and their dependencies with pkg_add(1). You cannot compile ports as due to space limitations, the compiler fileset was not installed.
If /var or /etc needs more capacity, and they are likely to, you will need to replicate it in the same fashion as /usr/local, then unmount the MFS filesystem and mount your own.
Save your /etc and /var for restoration if they are still MFS, and you want to reuse the application after reboot.

I need network connections that don't use DHCP. How do I configure them?

By default, the /etc/rc.local script in these images will attempt dhclient(8) with every hardware network interfaces it finds. If you have other network configurations you wish to test, such as static IP or PPP serial connections, you will have to configure them yourself. OpenBSD FAQ 6 is a great place to start.

I have a problem or an unanswered question. How do I get help?

A moderated mailing list is available. and is recommended.

A private e-mail address is also available:

I want to make my own LiveCDs. How did you create these?

Standing on the shoulders of giants: Andreas Bihlmaier and Kevin Lo. I've made some changes, so if you have a question you can ask on the mailing list or e-mail me.

Andreas Bihlmaier, "LiveCD" on the unofficial openbsd-wiki. BSD licensed. http://www.openbsd-wiki.org/index.php?title=LiveCD.
Kevin Lo, "Building an OpenBSD Live CD", Copyright 2005 O'Reilly Media, Inc. http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2005/07/14/openbsd_live.html.

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The jggimi OpenBSD-based LiveCD/LiveDVDFAQ